Traditional application and modern research progress on new foreign medicinal resources / 中国中药杂志

Chinese medicinal resources are the material basis for the survival and development of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)and the sustainable development of Chinese medicinal resources is also an important project for the modernization of TCM in China. With the increasing demand for Chinese medicinal resources in China, over-exploitation has destroyed Chinese medicinal resources, resulting in a shortage of many natural medicinal resources in China and making the sustainable development of TCM in trouble. The introduced new foreign medicinal resources have become effective supplement and replacement for Chinese medicinal resources to some extent. However, the development and utilization of new foreign medicinal resources in China are different. To fully understand the development of new foreign medicinal resources in China, this paper, taking 43 new foreign medicinal resources such as Acacia nilotica as objects, sorted out the introduction forms and policies of new foreign medicinal resources, overviewed its current development status in China, summarized the application experience of new foreign medicinal resources in the place of origin, as well as the research progress and problems of new foreign medicinal resources in China and abroad, and analyzed the research situation, which can enrich Chinese medicinal resources and other uses, promote the sustainable development of Chinese medicinal resources, and provide ideas for further development and research of new foreign medicinal resources.

Mibefradil improves skeletal muscle mass, function and structure in obese mice / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of mibefradil on skeletal muscle mass, function and structure in obese mice.@*METHODS@#Fifteen 6-week-old C57BL/6 mice were randomized equally into normal diet group (control group), high-fat diet (HFD) group and high-fat diet +mibefradil intervention group (HFD +Mibe group). The grip strength of the mice was measured using an electronic grip strength meter, and the muscle content of the hindlimb was analyzed by X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) levels of the mice were measured with GPO-PAP method. The cross-sectional area of the muscle fibers was observed with HE staining. The changes in the level of autophagy in the muscles were detected by Western blotting and immunofluorescence assay, and the activation of the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway was detected with Western blotting.@*RESULTS@#Compared with those in the control group, the mice in HFD group had a significantly greater body weight, lower relative grip strength, smaller average cross sectional area of the muscle fibers, and a lower hindlimb muscle ratio (P < 0.05). Immunofluorescence assay revealed a homogenous distribution of LC3 emitting light red fluorescence in the cytoplasm in the muscle cells in HFD group and HFD+Mibe group, while bright spots of red fluorescence were detected in HFD group. In HFD group, the muscular tissues of the mice showed an increased expression level of LC3 II protein with lowered expressions of p62 protein and phosphorylated AKT and mTOR (P < 0.05). Mibefradil treatment significantly reduced body weight of the mice, lowered the expression level of p62 protein, and increased forelimb grip strength, hindlimb muscle ratio, cross-sectional area of the muscle fibers, and the expression levels of LC3 II protein and phosphorylated AKT and mTOR (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Mibefradil treatment can moderate high-fat diet-induced weight gain and improve muscle mass and function in obese mice possibly by activating AKT/mTOR signal pathway to improve lipid metabolism and inhibit obesityinduced autophagy.

Research progress of clinical application of optical coherence tomography angiography in diabetic retinopathy / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#Optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA), as a new imaging technology that has emerged in recent years, is characterized by non-invasiveness, high speed and high resolution. Compared with traditional contrast examination, OCTA is faster, safer and avoids the side effects and risks of traditional contrast agents. Now, OCTA has been gradually applied in the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of eye diseases. Through real-time imaging of retinal choroidal blood vessels, this article reviews the research progress of clinical application of OCTA in diabetic retinopathy.

Spatial Properties of Mismatch Negativity in Patients with Disorders of Consciousness / 神经科学通报·英文版

In recent decades, event-related potentials have been used for the clinical electrophysiological assessment of patients with disorders of consciousness (DOCs). In this paper, an oddball paradigm with two types of frequency-deviant stimulus (standard stimuli were pure tones of 1000 Hz; small deviant stimuli were pure tones of 1050 Hz; large deviant stimuli were pure tones of 1200 Hz) was applied to elicit mismatch negativity (MMN) in 30 patients with DOCs diagnosed using the JFK Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R). The results showed that the peak amplitudes of MMN elicited by both large and small deviant stimuli were significantly different from baseline. In terms of the spatial properties of MMN, a significant interaction effect between conditions (small and large deviant stimuli) and electrode nodes was centered at the frontocentral area. Furthermore, correlation coefficients were calculated between MMN amplitudes and CRS-R scores for each electrode among all participants to generate topographic maps. Meanwhile, a significant negative correlation between the MMN amplitudes elicited by large deviant stimuli and the CRS-R scores was also found at the frontocentral area. In consequence, our results combine the above spatial properties of MMN in patients with DOCs, and provide a more precise location (frontocentral area) at which to evaluate the correlation between clinical electrophysiological assessment and the level of consciousness.

Evaluation of Removing Pyrogen Effect of Activated Carbon in Traditional Chinese Medicine Injection Technics / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To establish the pyrogen removing effect of activated carbon in the technics of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) injections. Methods The content of bacterial endotoxin concentration was detected by kinetic turdimetric assay to evaluate the effect of removing pyrogen before and after using activated carbon in concentrated solution of TCM injection. Results The activated carbon adsorption rate of Shuanghuanglian concentrated solution≥70%and the activated carbon adsorption rate of Danshen concentrated solution>95%. Conclusion Pyrogen manufacturing process is scientific and rational by adding activated carbon adsorption in powder injection of TCM. The bacterial endotoxin of large doses can't be removed fully by activated carbon adsorption.

Assessment on physical development of Han children in rural area of Huludao city with Heath-Carter somatotype method / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: There are many methods for investigating the physical development and the somatotype of child. Among them, Heath-Carter so matotype method is a comprehensive evaluation method on somatotype. In this method, 10 items of anthropometric indicators are selected from several dozens of items as assessment indicators for development and somatotype.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the rules and characteristics of soma totype development of Hah children in rural area of Huludao city, so as to supplement the essential data for physical anthropology.DESIGN: Normal children were chosen as the subjects, and cross-sectional investigation was carried out.SETTING: Department of Anatomy, Jinzhou Medical College. PARTICIPANTS: With cluster sampling, the Han children between 7 to 10 years old were selected from central primary school of Mingshuixiang Village of Suizhong County of Huludao city from July 2001 to September 2003. All the selected children should be verified healthy by physical examination at school. The children were divided into two groups according to gender, and each group was divided into 4 subgroups according to age,with 46 to 63 members in each group. There were 8 groups altogether.Complete data of 408 children were collected (male 213, female 195).METHODS: Each indicator was measured twice with Heath-Carter soma to type method and selected the average value. Specialists were responsible for the 10 indicators, and a database was established in computer according to age and gender. Calculated the following indicators in turn: endomorphic factor, mesomorphic factor and ectomorphic factor, coordinate values of X and Y on somatotype chart, Height/Weight1/3, mean of dimensional distances from the average somatotype to all somatotypes in the sample,difference between the two somatotypes in three-dimensional space, percentage of body fat and frequency distribution of each somatotype.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Height, body mass, upper arm circum ference, calf circumference, intracondylar diameters of humerus and femur,skinfold of brachial triceps, subscapular skinfold, skinfold of anterosuperior iliac spine, skinfold of gastrocnemius muscle.RESULTS: All the 408 children entered results analysis. ①Height and body mass of 7 to 10 year old children increased as age went up, indicators of Height/Weight1/3 of 7,8,10 year old girls were higher than boys, that of 9 years old boys was higber than girls, which were related to that the growth of height of 8 & 9 year old boys (5.61 cm) was more than girls (3.88 cm).The content of body fat of girls was more than boys. The 3 somatotype values were 3.2-3.9, 2.3-2.6 and 3.0-3.4 in boys and 3.5-4.6, 1.9-2.6 and 3.3-3.5 in girls, so endomorphic factor and ectomorphic factor were the main factors both in girls and boys, and endomorphic gene in girls was higher than boys, which indicated that the content of body fat of rural children in Hulutao city was relatively high, their bodies were finely high and thin, their skeletal muscle was not so muscular and the hypodermic fat in girls was more abundant. Seen from the comparison of somatotype between boys and girls in each age group, the differences between two somatotypes in the three dimensional space of 7-, 8-, 9-, 10-11 year old groups were 0.46, 0.68, 1.03 and 0.61 respectively, except 7-year old group, there were significant differences in somatotype of boys and girls between each age groups (P ＜ 0.01). ②The average value of somatotype of Han boys in rural area was 3.4-2.5-3.2, which belonged to medial type; that of girls was 4.0-2.3-3.4, which beglonged to ectomorphic endomorphic type. Endomorphic factor and ectomorphic factor were the dominant factors both in boys and girls, whereas mesomorphic factor was relatively low; the frequency of somatotype kept changing as the increase of age. ③Compared with the data at home and abroad, the endomorphic factor of the Han children in rural area in Huludao City was relatively high, while the mesomorphic factor was relatively low, and the ectomorphic factor was almost the same.CONCLUSION: The somatotype of Han children in rural area in Huludao City develops better. Their heights are tall, whereas their skeletal muscles are not so muscular. Somatotype development of children is diversified with age.